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Crosswalk from DC:0-5™ to DSM-5 and ICD-10

Understanding Common Diagnoses

Learn more about these diagnoses and how they're referred to in the DC:0-5™, DSM-5, and ICD-10.

We’ve developed this crosswalk as a guide. States and agencies may need to adapt the links from DC:0-5 to DSM and ICD codes based on their own service delivery policies.

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Neurodevelopmental disorders in early childhood encompass a range of conditions affecting the growth and function of the brain and nervous system, impacting behavior, cognition, and motor skills. Early diagnosis and intervention can significantly enhance developmental outcomes, supporting children in achieving optimal cognitive, emotional, and social growth​​​.

DC:0-5™DSM-5ICD-10ICD-10 Code
Autism Spectrum DisorderAutism Spectrum DisorderChildhood AutismF84.0
Early Atypical Autism Spectrum DisorderOther Specified Neurodevelopmental DisorderPervasive Developmental Disorder, UnspecifiedF84.9
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity DisorderAttention Deficit/Hyperactivity DisorderDisturbance of Activity and AttentionF90.1
Overactivity Disorder of ToddlerhoodAttention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, predominantly hyperactive-impulsive presentationDisturbance of Activity and AttentionF90.1
Global Developmental DelayGlobal Developmental DelayOther Disorders of Psychological Development, Global Developmental DelayF88
Developmental Language DisorderLanguage DisorderDevelopmental Disorder of Speech and Language, UnspecifiedF80.9
Developmental Coordination DisorderDevelopmental Coordination DisorderSpecific Developmental Disorder of Motor Function (Developmental Coordination Disorder)F82
Other Neurodevelopmental DisorderUnspecified Neurodevelopmental DisorderUnspecified Disorder of Psychological DevelopmentF89

 

Sensory Processing Disorders

Sensory processing disorders in toddlers affect how they interpret and respond to sensory information, such as sounds, textures, and movement, often leading to challenges in behavior, attention, and motor skills. Early identification and tailored interventions can greatly support toddlers in developing adaptive responses, helping them thrive in various environments and social interactions​​.

 
DC:0-5™DSM-5ICD-10ICD-10 Code
Sensory Over-Responsivity DisorderOther Specified Neurodevelopmental DisorderOther Disorders of Psychological DevelopmentF88
Sensory Under-Responsivity DisorderOther Specified Neurodevelopmental DisorderOther Disorders of Psychological DevelopmentF88
Other Sensory Processing DisorderOther Specified Neurodevelopmental DisorderOther Disorders of Psychological DevelopmentF88

According to experts, around 1 in 10 children under the age of 5 experience mental health issues.

 

Anxiety Disorders

Anxiety disorders in toddlers can manifest as intense, persistent fears or worries that interfere with their ability to explore and engage confidently with the world around them. Early support and interventions can help toddlers build emotional regulation skills and reduce the impact of anxiety on their social and cognitive development, fostering resilience as they grow​​.

DC:0-5™DSM-5ICD-10ICD-10 Code
Separation Anxiety DisorderSeparation Anxiety DisorderSeparation Anxiety Disorder of ChildhoodF93.0
Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)Social Anxiety Disorder(Social Phobia) Social Anxiety Disorder of ChildhoodF93.2
Generalized Anxiety DisorderGeneralized Anxiety DisorderGeneralized Anxiety DisorderF41.1
Selective MutismSelective MutismSelective MutismF94.0
Inhibition to Novelty DisorderOther Specified Anxiety DisorderOther Specified Anxiety DisorderF41.8
Other Anxiety Disorder of Infancy/Early ChildhoodOther Specified Anxiety DisorderOther Specified Anxiety DisorderF41.8

 

Mood Disorders

Mood disorders in toddlers, such as early signs of depression or irritability, can disrupt their emotional balance, affecting play, attachment, and overall development. Early interventions focusing on emotional support and secure attachments can help toddlers build a strong foundation for emotional health, positively influencing their long-term social and cognitive outcomes​​.

 
DC:0-5™DSM-5ICD-10ICD-10 Code
Depressive Disorder of Early ChildhoodMajor Depressive DisorderDepressive EpisodeF32
Disorder of Dysregulated Anger and Aggression of Early ChildhoodDisruptive Mood Dysregulation DisorderOther Persistent Mood DisordersF34.8
Other Mood Disorder of Early ChildhoodUnspecified Depressive DisorderUnspecified Mood DisorderF39

 

Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) in young children may appear as repetitive behaviors or fixations that interfere with daily activities and exploration. Early identification and intervention, tailored to support their developmental stage, can help toddlers manage these behaviors, promoting healthier interactions and adaptive coping skills as they grow​​.

DC:0-5™DSM-5ICD-10ICD-10 Code
Obsessive-Compulsive DisorderObsessive-Compulsive DisorderObsessive-Compulsive DisorderF42.1
Tourette’s DisorderTourette’s DisorderTourette’s DisorderF95.2
Motor or Vocal Tic DisorderPersistent (Chronic) Motor or Vocal Tic DisorderChronic Motor or Vocal Tic DisorderF95.1
TrichotillomaniaTrichotillomaniaTrichotillomaniaF63.3
Skin Picking Disorder of Infancy/Early ChildhoodExcoriation (Skin-Picking) DisorderFactitial Dermatitis, Neurotic ExcoriationL98.1
Other Obsessive Compulsive and Related DisordersUnspecified Obsessive-Compulsive and Related DisorderObsessive-Compulsive Disorder, UnspecifiedF42.9

 

Sleep, Eating, and Crying Disorders

Sleep, eating, and crying disorders in toddlers can significantly impact their development, often leading to challenges in emotional regulation, physical growth, and social engagement. Early intervention, including supportive routines and caregiver guidance, can improve toddlers’ sleep patterns, eating habits, and ability to self-soothe, fostering overall health and resilience as they develop​​​.

Sleep Disorders

DC:0-5™DSM-5ICD-10ICD-10 Code
Sleep Onset DisorderInsomnia DisorderNonorganic InsomniaF51.0
Night Waking DisorderInsomnia DisorderNonorganic InsomniaF51.0
Partial Arousal Sleep DisorderNon-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Arousal Disorders – Sleep terror typeSleep TerrorsF51.4
Nightmare Disorder of Early ChildhoodNightmare DisorderNightmaresF51.5

 

Eating Disorders of Infancy/Early Childhood

DC:0-5™DSM-5ICD-10ICD-10 Code
Overeating DisorderUnspecified Feeding or Eating DisorderOvereating Associated with Other Psychological DisturbancesF50.4
Undereating DisorderUnspecified Feeding or Eating DisorderOther Eating DisordersF50.8
PicaPicaPica of Infancy and ChildhoodF98.3
RuminationRumination DisorderFeeding Disorders of Infancy and Early Childhood / Rumination Disorder of InfancyF98.21
HoardingOther Specified Feeding and Eating DisorderFeeding Disorders of Infancy and Early ChildhoodF98.2

 

Crying

DC:0-5™DSM-5ICD-10ICD-10 Code
Excessive Crying DisorderNone listedNonspecific Symptoms Peculiar to Infancy (Excessive Crying in Infants)R68.1

 

Other

DC:0-5™DSM-5ICD-10ICD-10 Code
Other Sleep, Eating, and Excessive Crying Disorder of Infancy/Early ChildhoodOther Specified Feeding or Eating DisorderOther Eating DisordersF50.8
 Other Specified Sleep-Wake DisorderOther Nonorganic Sleep DisordersF51.8
  Nonspecific Symptoms Peculiar to Infancy (Excessive Crying in Infants)R68.11

 

Trauma, Stress, and Deprivation Disorders

Trauma and stress disorders in young children can result from early adverse experiences, affecting their ability to form secure attachments and manage emotions. Early, trauma-informed interventions, focusing on creating safe, nurturing relationships, are crucial for helping toddlers process these experiences, supporting healthier emotional and social development as they grow​​​.

DC:0-5™DSM-5ICD-10ICD-10 Code
Posttraumatic Stress DisorderPosttraumatic Stress Disorder for Children 6 Years and YoungerPosttraumatic Stress DisorderF43.10
Adjustment DisorderAdjustment Disorder, UnspecifiedAdjustment Disorder – UnspecifiedF43.20
Complicated Grief DisorderOther Specified Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorder (Persistent Complex Bereavement Disorder)Other Reactions to Severe StressF43.8
Reactive Attachment DisorderReactive Attachment DisorderReactive Attachment DisorderF94.1
Disinhibited Social Engagement DisorderDisinhibited Social Engagement DisorderDisinhibited Attachment Disorder of ChildhoodF94.2
Other Trauma, Stress, and Deprivation DisorderUnspecified Trauma- and Stressor-Related DisorderReaction to Severe Stress, UnspecifiedF43.9

 

Relationship Disorder

Relationship disorders in babies and young children, often rooted in difficulties forming secure attachments, can hinder their ability to connect and engage positively with caregivers and peers. Early interventions that foster trust, empathy, and consistent caregiving can help toddlers develop healthy relationships, laying a foundation for emotional resilience and social competence​​​.

DC:0-5™DSM-5ICD-10ICD-10 Code
Relationship Specific Disorder of Infancy/Early ChildhoodParent-Child Relational ProblemOther Specified Problems Related to UpbringingZ62.820
 
 

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